Perspective View Displays and User Performance

Consoles that use three-dimensional (3-D) perspective views on flat screens to display data seem to provide a natural, increasingly affordable solution for situational awareness tasks. However, the empirical evidence supporting the use of 3-D displays is decidedly mixed. Across an array of tasks, a number of studies have found benefits for 3-D perspective over two-dimensional (2-D) views, while other studies have found rough parity, and still other studies have found 2-D superior to 3-D. Interestingly, many realistic military tasks have complex demands that require both types of views at different points in time. This paper investigates an interface concept called orient and operate, which employs the advantages of both 2-D and 3-D displays. Perspective View Displays and User Performance